Final answer:
The true statement is that mezcal is a specialized form of tequila from Oaxaca, but it should be noted that mezcal can also be produced in other regions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The true statement among the options provided is that mezcal is a specialized form of tequila from Oaxaca. Contrary to the claim in option 1, mezcal is not made from a species of cactus; it is made from various species of the agave plant, similar to tequila, but it has a distinct production process and geographic indication. Tequila is indeed made from a specific type of agave called Agave tequilana (blue agave), but it is incorrect to say it is made from any number of species of agave. Option 2 is incorrect as well; pulque is a traditional Mexican alcoholic beverage made by fermenting the sap of the agave plant, but it is not used as the basis for distilling tequila or mezcal. Each of these spirits is distilled directly from the cooked cores of the agave plants. Finally, option 3 is the closest to being correct, however, it should be noted that mezcal can be produced outside of Oaxaca as well, though Oaxaca is the most well-known region for its production.