Final answer:
The term dyne refers to a unit of force, not heat. The correct unit of energy to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C is a calorie (cal). To calculate the heat energy needed, the mass, specific heat of water, and the temperature change are taken into account.
Step-by-step explanation:
The claim that a dyne is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C is false. Dyne is a unit of force, not energy or heat. Instead, the term you are looking for is calorie (cal), which is the unit of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C. Moreover, the specific heat of water is important in these calculations; it is 4.184 joules per gram per degree Celsius (J/g°C). To raise the temperature of water, the heat energy (in joules) needed is determined by the mass of the water, its specific heat, and the change in temperature.
For example, to heat 10.0 kg of water by 1.0 °C, we need to use the formula q = m × specific heat × ΔT where 'q' is the heat energy in joules, 'm' is the mass in grams, 'specific heat' is the specific heat capacity (4.184 J/g°C for water), and ΔT is the change in temperature. Therefore, the heat energy needed would be 10,000 g × 4.184 J/g°C × 1°C, equating to 41,840 joules.