Final answer:
One should not touch the patient or the radiographic film during a radiographic exposure to prevent unnecessary exposure to radiation and to avoid contaminating or exposing the film.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two things that should not be touched while a radiographic exposure is in progress are the patient and the radiographic film. Not touching the patient ensures that they are not exposed to unnecessary radiation and reduces the risk of movement which can blur the radiographic image. Handling the radiographic film can lead to accidental exposure or contamination, so it must only be handled once the exposure is complete and following proper safety procedures.
Using radiation protection measures such as shielding with a lead apron, limiting the time of exposure through fast films, and maintaining distance by having the technician stand behind a lead-lined door are all critical in reducing exposure to ionizing radiation for both patients and healthcare providers.