Final answer:
A lead shield is the permanent protective barrier located in an x-ray room housing stationary radiographic equipment, used to minimize occupational exposure to radiation and protect the radiographer. so option 4 is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The permanent protective barrier for the radiographer that is located in an x-ray room with stationary radiographic equipment is a lead shield. This type of shielding is crucial for radiation protection and is far more substantial than personal protective equipment such as lead aprons, lead gloves, or lead glasses. A lead shield is typically a wall or barrier integrated into the structure of the room, often featuring a lead-lined door with a lead glass window to allow the technician to observe the patient. It helps to minimize occupational exposure to radiation by absorbing it effectively, hence protecting the radiographer from the potential health risks associated with ionizing radiation.
When it comes to radiation safety, there are three general rules: minimize time in a radiation environment, maintain as much distance from the radiation source as possible, and implement as much shielding between oneself and the source of radiation. The aim is to reduce exposure and the potential biological effects of ionizing radiation.