Final answer:
The process that occurs when viewing a nearby object is accommodation, which involves adjusting the focal length and power of the eye to focus on objects at different distances.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process that occurs when viewing a nearby object is accommodation. Accommodation refers to the adjustment of the focal length and power of the eye to focus on objects at different distances. When viewing a nearby object, the lens of the eye becomes thicker and more converging to converge the diverging light rays from the object onto the retina.
Additionally, dilation of the pupils and divergence of the eyes also occur when viewing a nearby object, but these processes are not specific to viewing a nearby object and occur in various visual tasks.
Keywords: accommodation, nearby object, convergence, diverging light rays, focal length, power, dilation of pupils, divergence of eyes