Final answer:
The nations that became independent of Russia after the fall of the Soviet Union include the Baltic Republics (Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania), Belarus, Ukraine, and several Central Asian countries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nations that became independent of Russia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union include the Baltic Republics of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. These republics declared their independence in 1991, were formally recognized thereafter, and have since transitioned to market economies with democratic governments. Other nations that gained independence from the Soviet Union include Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. The case of Belarus is particular; it gained independence in 1991 but has maintained a close relationship with Russia.