Final answer:
The portion of a sperm cell that contains genetic information from the biological father is the nucleus, which is located within the head of the sperm.
Step-by-step explanation:
The portion of a sperm cell that contains the genetic information from the biological father is the nucleus. The head of the sperm contains the nucleus, which holds the DNA that contributes to the genetic makeup of the offspring, should fertilization occur. The nucleus is haploid, meaning it contains half the chromosomal complement compared to a normal, diploid body cell.
Furthermore, the structure of sperm speaks to their function with each part having a specific role:
- The head contains the nucleus and an area called the acrosome, which has enzymes to penetrate an egg.
- The midpiece is packed with mitochondria that supply the energy necessary for motility.
- The flagellum, or tail, allows the sperm to "swim" through the female reproductive tract.