Final answer:
The dorsal column pathway is the ascending tract to the brain that interprets touch, pressure, and body movements, conveying fine touch, vibration, and proprioceptive information, while the spinothalamic pathway primarily conveys pain and temperature.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ascending tract to the brain that interprets touch, pressure, and body movements is known as the dorsal column pathway. This tract is responsible for conveying fine touch, vibration, and proprioceptive information from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. It begins in the periphery, ascends ipsilaterally through the spinal cord, and decussates in the medulla before reaching the brain. Another important tract involved in the sensation is the spinothalamic pathway, which primarily conveys pain and temperature.
The ability to discriminate between different types of sensations like light touch and pain demonstrates the integrity of these ascending pathways. Such sensory information from the body below the neck ascends through the spinal cord, whereas somatosensory information from the head and neck uses the trigeminal system.