Final answer:
The sense of taste is processed in the gustatory cortex, which is located in the insula and parietal lobe, with taste signals routed from the tongue to the brainstem, thalamus, and then to the primary gustatory cortex.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sense of taste projects to the gustatory cortex located in the insula and parietal lobe. When we taste something, taste neurons project from taste cells in the tongue, esophagus, and palate to the medulla, in the brainstem. From there, taste signals travel to the thalamus before reaching the primary gustatory cortex. The information from different regions of the tongue is kept segregated as it moves through the medulla, thalamus, and cortex. Thus, the correct answer to the question is '4) insula; parietal lobe'.