Final answer:
Aluminum is an economical alternative to copper for electrical wiring due to its lower cost, despite its lower ductility and tensile strength. Special techniques are needed for aluminum connections due to issues like higher thermal expansion and oxidation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the materials used for electrical wiring apart from copper are aluminum, gold, and silver. However, of these, aluminum wiring is the most commonly used alternative. Aluminum is cheaper than copper, making it an economically attractive option for many applications. Despite this cost benefit, there are important considerations when using aluminum, such as its lower ductility and tensile strength compared to copper.
Additionally, aluminum's higher rate of thermal expansion can lead to loosened connections, creating potential fire hazards. Aluminum also oxidizes, forming a non-conductive layer which is a challenge for electrical connections. To prevent issues, special techniques and compatible components are required for aluminum wire installations, unlike the more straightforward implementation of copper.