Final answer:
The basic components of acid waves include a permanent wave solution and a Neutralizer, which is typically a dilute solution of hydrogen peroxide used to reform disulfide bonds in reshaped hair.
Step-by-step explanation:
The basic components of acid waves are permanent wave solution and Neutralizer. In the process of permanent waving, temporary and permanent waves are formed due to disruption and reformation of disulfide bonds in hair strands. This is achieved by initially applying the permanent wave solution that reduces the disulfide bonds. Following this, the hair is placed on rollers or curlers. Without the usual cross-linking, the alpha-helices in hair proteins can shift position. After the desired shape is achieved, the application of an oxidizing agent, commonly a dilute solution of hydrogen peroxide, which is the neutralizer, is essential. It re-establishes the disulfide bonds in their new positions, ensuring that the new configuration is held firmly until the hair grows out. The correct answer to the question is A) Neutralizer.