Final answer:
Smooth directional wave patterns are most useful for transmitting information over long distances due to the efficient propagation and minimal loss of encoded information characteristic of electromagnetic waves. Option 1 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Smooth directional wave patterns are particularly useful when you wish to transmit information over long distances. This is due to the fact that electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, are used to carry communications signals.
These waves can be modulated in various ways - through amplitude (AM), frequency (FM), or phase to encode information. As they propagate out from a source like an antenna, these wave-like characteristics of light or radio waves can be efficiently sent across vast distances, with minimal loss of the encoded information.
Electromagnetic waves are versatile and can be used in different applications, but in the context of long-distance communication, their ability to maintain coherence and directionality is essential. This is because a well-defined direction ensures that the signal reaches the intended receiver with sufficient strength and clarity.