Final answer:
The term for the formation of platelets is thrombopoiesis, which originates from the hormone thrombopoietin that prompts the development of megakaryocytes into platelets, essential for coagulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The word built using -poiesis that means the formation of platelets is thrombopoiesis. This term is derived from the word thrombopoietin, which is a hormone secreted by the liver and kidneys that promotes the development of megakaryocytes into thrombocytes, also known as platelets. Platelets play a crucial role in coagulation, the process that stops bleeding, which involves the formation of a blood clot.
Conditions related to platelets include thrombocytopenia, a condition where there are too few platelets that can lead to abnormal bleeding (hemophilia), and thrombocytosis, a condition where there are too many platelets, which can result in abnormal clotting (thrombosis).
Through the process of hematopoiesis, platelets are continually produced in the bone marrow, replacing the short-lived platelets that circulate in the peripheral blood. These platelets originate from large cells within the bone marrow known as megakaryocytes and are essential for the hemostatic plug formation and clotting cascade.