Final answer:
The rounded projection on the anterior proximal surface of the tibia is known as the tibial tuberosity, which serves as the attachment site for the patellar tendon.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rounded projection on the anterior proximal surface of the tibia is called the tibial tuberosity. The tibial tuberosity is an important anatomical landmark as it is the final attachment site for the patellar tendon. The anatomy of the tibia includes other structures such as the medial and lateral condyles at the proximal end, which articulate with the femur; the intercondylar eminence located between the condyles; and the anterior border of the tibia, which extends inferiorly from the tibial tuberosity and forms the anterior apex of the triangular shape of the tibial shaft.