Final answer:
The high ionizing ability of x-radiation, due to its high energy and penetrating power, makes it potentially hazardous as it can cause cell damage and increase cancer risks. Correct answer is option 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main property of x-radiation that makes it potentially hazardous is its high ionizing ability. This is because X-rays have high energy levels and frequencies, which grant them significant penetrating power. Thus, they can pass through various materials, including biological tissues, and can break molecular bonds, creating ions in the process.
The creation of ions can lead to cell damage and increase the risks of health effects such as cancer. While X-rays are useful for medical diagnostics due to their penetrating ability, precautions are necessary to minimize exposure and potential harm. Additionally, the extent of exposure is a critical factor in determining the risk of damage from x-radiation, with higher doses leading to greater risks.