Question

Spectral lines in a line spectrum take the shape of lines because the ________.

Answer 1

Spectral lines are distinct because they correspond to electron transitions between discrete energy levels within the atom, resulting in emission or absorption of light at specific wavelengths unique to each element.

Step-by-step explanation:

Spectral lines in a line spectrum take the shape of lines because the electrons in an atom occupy discrete energy levels, and transitions between these levels result in the emission or absorption of light at specific wavelengths. When an electron moves from a higher-energy orbit to a lower-energy orbit, it emits a photon of light at a particular wavelength, creating an emission line spectrum. Conversely, when an electron absorbs energy and moves from a lower-energy orbit to a higher-energy orbit, it absorbs light at a certain wavelength, causing an absorption line spectrum with dark lines at those specific wavelengths. The unique pattern of spectral lines serves as a fingerprint for each element, allowing us to determine its presence in a sample or astronomical object.