Final answer:
Trench warfare in World War I was characterized by dangerous, stagnant, and miserable living conditions. Offensive strategies were largely ineffective against entrenched defenses until the development of mechanized warfare, like tanks and planes, offered new strategies for progress.
Step-by-step explanation:
Life in Trench Warfare
Life in trench warfare during World War I was arduous and treacherous. Soldiers lived under the constant threat of enemy fire, in muddy conditions, and faced challenges such as rampant diseases, and infestations of lice and rats. With the advent of new military technologies like machine guns and gas attacks, offensive strategies became deadly. The tactical dilemma saw the defensive strategy, often in the form of entrenched positions, as superior to daring charges through no man's land. The notorious 'going over the top' left many soldiers in a perpetual state of fear, knowing that survival rates were incredibly low during such attacks.
Progress in Trench Warfare
Progress in trench warfare was minimal and costs were high. One attempt to advance, through a British attack, led to a temporary gain of ground at the cost of many lives. The introduction of poison gas, while intended to break the deadlock, added to the horror without decisive gains. It was the technological advancement of fast-moving tanks and air support that ultimately provided lessons on overcoming trench stalemates for future conflicts.
Making Progress
German strategy learned from trench warfare eventually broke through enemy lines toward the end of the war, demonstrating the potential of mechanized warfare. Subsequently, tanks and aircraft further developed and offered a means to strike swiftly and with greater impact than the infantries that charged years prior.