Final answer:
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder that occurs most commonly during the winter months. Melatonin may play a role in SAD by affecting the body's internal clock and circadian rhythm. Non-drug therapies, such as light therapy and lifestyle changes, can help alleviate symptoms of SAD.
Step-by-step explanation:
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder that occurs most commonly during the winter months, especially in regions with long winter nights. It is characterized by symptoms such as increased appetite, sluggishness, and increased sleepiness.
One proposed role for melatonin in SAD is that the hormone may be involved in regulating the body's internal clock and circadian rhythm, which can be disrupted during the winter months. Melatonin production increases in response to darkness and is higher during the winter, which may contribute to the symptoms of SAD.
Non-drug therapy for SAD may involve light therapy, which exposes individuals to bright light to help regulate their circadian rhythm. Light therapy can help reduce symptoms of SAD by increasing serotonin levels and decreasing melatonin levels in the body.
Other non-drug therapies that may be recommended include psychotherapy and lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise and spending time outdoors.