Question

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma by including?

1) many different substances that are absent from plasma.
2) the same substances as plasma except for larger protein molecules.
3) less water and electrolytes than does plasma.
4) much more uric acid and creatinine than plasma.
5) DNA and RNA.

Answer 1

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from plasma in that it lacks larger protein molecules, while still containing other substances such as water, electrolytes, and small waste products.

Step-by-step explanation:

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma mainly because it excludes large protein molecules like albumin, as well as cells and platelets. This is due to the filtering capabilities of the glomeruli, which are based on particle size. While the glomerular filtrate contains many of the same substances as plasma, such as water, electrolytes, amino acids, and small waste products, it lacks larger proteins and cellular components. Specifically, the correct statement regarding the composition of glomerular filtrate in comparison to plasma is:

1. the same substances as plasma except for larger protein molecules.

The glomerular filtration is a passive process that occurs due to the blood pressure within the glomeruli, allowing solutes and water to pass through the specialized membranes and form filtrate that is very similar to plasma but lacks macromolecular proteins.