Final answer:
The object gains energy when positive work is done on it and loses energy when negative work is done. Positive work increases the object's kinetic or potential energy, while negative work decreases it. Option 1 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
If work is positive work, then the object will gain energy. If the work is negative work, then the object will lose energy. The gain or loss in energy can be in the form of potential energy, kinetic energy, or both. The correct answer to fill in the blanks is: 1) Positive, Negative.
When work is done on an object by applying a force in the direction of its motion, it results in the transfer of energy to the object, increasing its kinetic or potential energy, thus doing positive work. Conversely, if negative work is done, the force is applied in the opposite direction of motion which results in the object's energy being reduced.
This could mean a loss in kinetic energy, such as slowing down, or a decrease in potential energy, like lowering an object's height against gravity.
In physics, if work is positive, then the object will gain energy. If the work is negative, then the object will lose energy. The gain or loss in energy can be in the form of potential energy, kinetic energy, or both.
For example, if you push a car uphill, doing positive work, the car will gain potential energy. On the other hand, if the car rolls downhill, the negative work done by gravity will cause it to lose potential energy.