Final answer:
The special effects like frames, shapes, and shadows added to images to define a visual style are known as styles. They incorporate various effects and can comprehensively alter the image's look while enhancing composition and focus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The visual elements that can be added to an image to create a specific visual style, such as frames, shapes, shadows, borders, and other special effects, are best described as styles. These are pre-set combinations of various effects and adjustments that can be applied to an image to achieve a consistent look. In the context of image editing and graphic design, the use of light is crucial because it can highlight or obscure parts of an image, while the use of line guides the viewer's eye across the picture in predetermined patterns. The effect of framing within a photo, achieved by including objects in the foreground, lends depth and focus to the composition, as seen in the example of a shadow of an arch framing a distant building. Good photography composition also involves understanding and applying concepts such as the rule of thirds, level horizons, and avoiding distracting backgrounds.