Final answer:
Macrocytic anemia, characterized by enlarged red blood cells, is not an illustration of iron deficiency but rather caused by deficiencies in vitamin B12 or folate. Iron deficiency anemia involves smaller (microcytic) red blood cells due to a shortage of iron.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that macrocytic anemia is an illustration of iron deficiency seen in individuals who have expanded their blood by increased activity is false. Macrocytic anemia is characterized by enlarged red blood cells (RBCs) and can be caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies, not due to a lack of iron. Iron deficiency anemia, on the other hand, is caused by a shortage of iron in the body, leading to smaller than normal (microcytic) RBCs. Both types of anemia result in the insufficient oxygenation of the body's tissues, causing symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath during activity.