Final answer:
Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, while diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images and have different physical and chemical properties. Unrelated compounds do not have the same molecular formula or connectivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. They have the same physical and chemical properties, except when interacting with chiral objects or reagents. Diastereomers, on the other hand, are stereoisomers that are not mirror images, and they have different physical and chemical properties.
Enantiomers and diastereomers are both types of stereoisomers, which means they have the same molecular formula and connectivity, but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms. They can be illustrated by the example of carbohydrate molecules, such as glucose and fructose. Glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula, but they differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms, and thus exist as stereoisomers.
In contrast, unrelated compounds do not have the same molecular formula or connectivity, and therefore are not related to each other.