Final answer:
John the Ripper is a password-cracking program with modes such as Wordlist, Single-crack, Incremental, and External, commonly used by security professionals for password recovery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The password-cracking program that includes modes like Wordlist, Single-crack, Incremental, and External is John the Ripper. This software is a popular choice for security professionals and password recovery purposes. It has several modes to optimize the password-cracking process depending on the scenario and the available data. For example, the Wordlist mode uses a list of predefined passwords, the Single-crack mode attempts to crack passwords using login names and other user-specific information, the Incremental mode is a brute-force attack that tries all possible combinations, and the External mode allows you to define a custom cracking algorithm.