Final answer:
The 'Cornucopians' are individuals who oppose Malthus and Neo-Malthusians, believing that human ingenuity and technology will overcome challenges related to limited resources and potential overpopulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'Cornucopians' are people who oppose Malthus and Neo-Malthusians. Unlike Thomas Malthus who proposed that populations increase geometrically while food supplies grow arithmetically leading to scarcity, Cornucopians believe in the power of human innovation to overcome limits on resources. They assert that technological advancements and improved agricultural methods will continue to solve these challenges, as has been the case historically. Cornucopians are generally optimistic about the future and the potential for human ingenuity to resolve environmental and social issues that could threaten human population levels.
The Malthusian theory warned that human populations might outpace the food supply, leading to 'positive checks' like famine, war, and disease to reduce populations to sustainable levels. On the other hand, Cornucopian Theory dismisses the potential of a Malthusian catastrophe and believes in endless resource availability. Proponents of this view contend that technology and innovation are adequate to solve any problems caused by limited resources, such as lack of food, therefore preventing the grim outcomes predicted by Malthus and his followers.