The loss of data in disk blocks can occur due to read or write malfunctions as well as disk read/write head crashes, both of which can happen during a transaction involving disk access.
The reason for the loss of data in disk blocks can be attributed to either a read or write malfunction where the data becomes corrupted during the process of reading from or writing to the disk or due to a disk read/write head crash where physical damage to the disk prevents data from being read or written successfully. These issues can occur during any transaction that involves disk access.
Malfunctions occur due to errors in hardware or software, while head crashes happen when the read/write head comes into direct contact with the spinning disk surface, causing physical damage.
In conclusion, the loss of data in disk blocks can result from both read or write malfunctions and disk read/write head crashes.