Final answer:
Research on the secondary motor cortex, including neuroanatomical and neurophysiological studies in monkeys and humans, shows its role in movement planning and coordination, with mirror neurons playing a key role in mimicry and potentially language acquisition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neuroanatomical and neurophysiological research on monkeys and humans reveals significant insights into the functioning of the secondary motor cortex, which includes areas such as the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor area. This region of the brain is involved in the planning and coordination of movements and is influenced by the prefrontal cortex's executive functions. This research shows that the secondary motor cortex is not directly involved in the execution of movements but plays a crucial role in preparing and organizing movements before they are executed by the primary motor cortex.
One of the fascinating discoveries in this area is the existence of mirror neurons, which are thought to enable the recognition and imitation of actions, providing a neurological base for mimicry and possibly language acquisition. In monkeys, these neurons have been directly observed, while in humans, similar functions have been inferred through imaging studies. Additionally, specialized regions like the frontal eye fields and Broca's area have direct implications for the control of eye movements and speech production, respectively.