Final answer:
Causative factors in the formation of blood clots leading to deep venous thrombus include genetic factors, smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. These can increase the risk of DVT, which is dangerous due to the potential for pulmonary embolism. Prevention includes engaging in activities that promote blood circulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
A causative factor in the formation of blood clots causing deep venous thrombus includes a variety of elements such as genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and health conditions. All of the options listed by the student can be contributing factors:
- Genetic factors, such as inherited thrombophilia, can increase the propensity for blood to clot abnormally, leading to DVT.
- Smoking damages the endothelium of blood vessels and contributes to venous stasis.
- Obesity is a state of heightened inflammation and hormonal changes that predispose to clot formation.
- Physical inactivity, especially during long periods, such as sitting on a plane, causes blood to pool, increasing the risk of clotting.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is particularly dangerous because of its potential to lead to pulmonary embolism (PE), where a clot travels to the lungs, causing serious health consequences. Vital to DVT prevention, especially for individuals with heart failure or other risk factors, are activities that promote blood circulation, such as walking and leg exercises.