Final answer:
Topical retinoids are commonly the first-line therapy for acne vulgaris with closed comedones, while benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can be effective for mild cases. Severe acne might require medications like isotretinoin or even hormonal treatments.
Step-by-step explanation:
First-line therapy for acne vulgaris with closed comedones commonly includes topical retinoids. These topical treatments help to reduce inflammation and regulate skin cell growth, which can prevent the clogged hair follicles that lead to acne. For treating mild acne, over-the-counter products such as benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid are often effective. More severe cases of acne may require the use of oral antibiotics, oral contraceptives, or isotretinoin, the latter being highly potent and typically reserved for severe acne due to its serious side effects.
To maintain healthy skin and reduce acne, it's important to follow dermatologists' recommendations such as shampooing hair regularly, avoiding picking at acne, keeping hands away from the face, and protecting skin from UV light exposure.
The acne-causing bacteria, Propionibacterium acnes, contributes to the development of acne by infecting sebum-clogged pores leading to inflammation and potential scarring. This understanding is essential when choosing the most suitable acne treatment.