Question

The metabolic syndrome, also known as syndrome X, is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by a group of predisposing factors that include obesity and hypertension. What additional risk factors are associated with metabolic syndrome?

Answer 1

In addition to obesity and hypertension, metabolic syndrome is associated with several other risk factors. These include hyperuricemia, a prothrombotic state, oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation, abnormalities in lipoprotein levels, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obstructive sleep apnea and/or polycystic ovarian disease, and large consumption of sweetened beverages.

Step-by-step explanation:

Metabolic syndrome, also known as syndrome X, is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is characterized by a group of predisposing factors, including obesity and hypertension. In addition to these factors, there are several other risk factors that are commonly associated with metabolic syndrome. These include:

1. Hyperuricemia: Elevated levels of uric acid in the blood.
2. A prothrombotic state: Increased risk of blood clot formation.
3. Oxidative stress: Imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals in the body.
4. Chronic low-grade inflammation: Long-term inflammation in the body.
5. Apolipoprotein-B and small dense LDL cholesterol: Abnormalities in lipoprotein levels.
6. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Liver conditions associated with fat accumulation.
7. Obstructive sleep apnea and/or polycystic ovarian disease: Sleep disorder and ovarian disorder, respectively.
8. Large consumption of sweetened beverages: Drinking large amounts of sugary drinks.