Final answer:
The major functions performed by the root systems of plants are absorbing water and minerals, anchoring and supporting the plant, and storing food.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major functions performed by the root systems of plants are:
- Absorbing water and minerals: Roots have thin-walled epidermal cells and root hairs that are specialized for absorbing water and dissolved minerals from the soil.
- Anchoring and supporting the plant: Root systems help anchor plants to the ground, providing stability and allowing plants to grow tall without toppling over.
- Storing food: Ground tissues in roots store food produced by the leaves during photosynthesis, which can be used later.