Final answer:
The four basic components common to all microscopes are the objective lens, eyepiece lens, stage, and light source.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four basic components that all microscope systems have in common are the objective lens, eyepiece lens (also known as the ocular lens), the stage, and a light source. The objective lens is the first lens and has typical magnification values from 5x to 100x. The eyepiece lens is the second lens in the system and further magnifies the image created by the objective lens. The stage is the platform where the specimen is placed, and the light source illuminates the specimen. Focusing the image involves adjusting the position of the stage and the lenses. In summary, option 1) Objective lens, eyepiece lens, stage, and light source, describes the four basic components common to all microscopes.