Final answer:
In Pavlov's study, the buzzer which was originally a neutral stimulus became a conditioned stimulus, and the resulting salivation became a conditioned response after repeated pairing with food.
Step-by-step explanation:
In one of Pavlov's studies, he trained a dog to salivate in response to a buzzer by repeatedly sounding a buzzer before placing food in the dog's mouth. Consequently, the buzzer became a conditioned stimulus, and the salivation to the sound of the buzzer became a conditioned response. Classical conditioning involves the process by which a previously neutral stimulus, after being repeatedly presented alongside an unconditioned stimulus (like food, which naturally and reflexively elicits a response), comes to elicit a response (in this case, salivation) on its own.
The conditioned response observed in Pavlov's experiment indicated that the association between the conditioned stimulus (buzzer) and the unconditioned stimulus (food) was well-established. The result was that the dog began to salivate merely at the sound of the buzzer, expecting food, even when the food was not presented. Pavlov's experiments are seminal in the field of psychology, illustrating the foundational principles of behavior and learning.