Final answer:
Yes, wind and water can indeed break down solid rock over millions of years, significantly reducing the size of mountains. This process of erosion and weathering is responsible for shaping landscapes like the Grand Canyon and altering the height of mountains.
Step-by-step explanation:
Could wind and water have broken down the solid rock of a mountain so that it is half the height today as it was millions of years ago? The answer is A) Yes. Over geological time scales, the processes of erosion and weathering can dramatically alter the landscape. Running water and ice are powerful forces that can break down rock, as illustrated by features such as the Grand Canyon, which was carved by the Colorado River over billions of years. Mountains subject to these forces can indeed be eroded to a fraction of their former height. In addition, wind can be a significant erosive force, smoothing and sculpting rock over time. The complex interaction of these forces shapes the dynamic earth we inhabit.
If we only have access to cliff faces or road cuts for investigation, we might not get a full geological history compared to a complete cross-section of a mountain. However, the visible layers and formations can still offer valuable insights into the history and processes that have shaped the area.
Understanding the effects of erosion and weathering is crucial in the field of geography. These processes take place over long periods of time, changing the terrain and leading to the formation of valleys, canyons, and altered landscapes. Ice, water, and wind slowly work to break down solid rock and can reduce the size of mountains through relentless natural activity.