Final answer:
Distillation is the process used to separate a solid from a liquid based on differences in boiling points.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process used to separate a solid from a liquid, such as salt from seawater, is called distillation. Distillation is a physical process that makes use of differences in the boiling points of the components.
For example, when a solution of salt and water is distilled, the more volatile component, pure water, collects in the receiving flask while the salt remains in the distillation flask.