Final answer:
Individualism places value on personal goals and autonomy, a shift from medieval communal ideologies to Renaissance recognition of artists as intellectuals. This change in perspective allowed greater self-expression in art and emphasized personal freedom, impacting how art was created and viewed in society.
Step-by-step explanation:
Individualism is a principle that emphasizes the moral worth and autonomy of the individual. It encourages personal goals and desires, advocates for independence, and often resists societal norms or government impositions. This philosophy contrasts sharply with the collective ideologies prevalent during the Medieval times, where society was more communal and hierarchical, and the individual's role was often defined within the constraints of their class or occupation.
During the Renaissance, a shift towards individualism emerged. Artists began to be recognized as creative intellectuals rather than anonymous craftsmen. Works of art from this period show a marked interest in personal expression and technique, including the use of perspective and light to convey reality more vividly and dynamically, as well as a focus on humanist themes. This was a significant departure from earlier practices where art was often more symbolic and less concerned with realism or the artist's personal style.
In the wake of the Great War, a 'modern crisis' in art and thought was invoked partly by the new scientific discoveries that challenged previous notions of certainty and self-satisfaction. Artists and authors, in their works, started to explore more complex themes, reflecting the upheaval and changing perceptions of the era.
The evolution toward individualism also meant greater freedom and opportunities. People began to live 'bigger lives' with more personal choices regarding their work, beliefs, and lifestyles. Art became a medium for not only preserving aspects of life but also for impacting society's views, helping to understand different cultures, and contributing to the community through heightened awareness and self-expression.