Final answer:
General William T. Sherman used a scorched-earth strategy during his March to the Sea. This involved significant destruction to civilian property and Confederate resources, which was aimed at demoralizing the Southern states and quickening the end of the war.
Step-by-step explanation:
The military strategy employed by General William T. Sherman during his March to the Sea in 1864-1865 was a scorched-earth campaign. This strategy is best reflected in option C: A scorched-earth campaign to demoralize the Confederacy and destroy resources. General Sherman's objective was to incapacitate the South by destroying its capacity to sustain the war effort. He did this by burning cities like Atlanta, destroying infrastructure such as railroads, and pillaging resources such as food supplies and livestock during the march from Atlanta to Savannah.
After capturing Atlanta, Sherman decided not to pursue Confederate General Hood and instead returned to Atlanta to launch his march, believing strongly that the quick defeat of the Confederacy required breaking its will to fight. The March to the Sea was a dramatic embodiment of total war, causing widespread destruction to civilian property and resources, and significantly undermining the Confederate war effort both materially and psychologically.