Final answer:
Autosomes are the 22 pairs of human chromosomes that do not determine an individual's sex. Both males and females have the same autosomes, which contain the majority of human genetic information.
Step-by-step explanation:
The human chromosomes that do not determine an individual's sex are known as Autosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, of which 22 pairs are autosomes. These chromosomes contain the vast majority of human genes and are found in both males and females; they're the same for both sexes. Each autosome is numbered 1 through 22 based on a standardized system involving their relative sizes, with chromosome 1 being the largest and chromosome 22 being the smallest. Although chromosome 21 is shorter than chromosome 22, historical naming conventions have been preserved. The remaining pair of chromosomes are identified as the sex chromosomes, which are the X and Y chromosomes. Females typically have two X chromosomes, males have one X and one Y chromosome. The X chromosome is present in both sexes but behaves differently in males and females, with phenomena such as X-chromosome inactivation occurring in females.