Final answer:
The heel bone is the calcaneus, which forms the posterior part of the foot and supports the talus superiorly and articulates with the cuboid anteriorly.
Step-by-step explanation:
The heel bone is known as the calcaneus. It forms the posterior part of the foot and is the largest bone of the foot. The calcaneus bone articulates with the talus bone superiorly and the cuboid bone anteriorly. The sustentaculum tali, a part of the calcaneus, provides support to the medial side of the talus bone. In this context, the correct answer to which of the following is the heel bone, is C) calcaneus.