Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is 'c) Volcano'. Volcanoes are geological formations created by the ejection of lava, ash, and gases from within the Earth's crust, often associated with the movement of tectonic plates.
Step-by-step explanation:
A volcano is an opening in Earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected. This definition fits the description that is asked for in the question, making the correct answer 'c) Volcano'.
Volcanic eruptions are a geological phenomenon related to the movement and behavior of the tectonic plates of Earth's crust.
For instance, the creation of the Hawaiian island chain is a result of volcanic eruptions from a hot spot while mountain building can happen because of tectonic plates crunching together, causing the Earth's crust to fold and form mountains. Volcanoes can occur along mid-ocean ridges where plates are diverging or above subduction zones where one plate is sliding beneath another. They are also found in places where continental plates are colliding.