Final answer:
To deal with westerly variation, pilots must use a vector equation to find the plane's ground velocity and adjust their heading east of north. They also use specific angles to describe headings not aligned with compass points.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two steps mentioned for dealing with westerly variation in true direction involve constructing a vector equation and finding the components of the vector along a common set of perpendicular axes.
Firstly, the pilot must adjust for wind by pointing her plane somewhat east of north, which is calculated by solving for the velocity of the plane with respect to the ground using vector addition in relation to the airspeed and wind speed vectors.
This compensation ensures the plane's ground track aligns with the desired direction of travel. Secondly, for a vector not aligned with compass points, the angle of deviation is used. For example, a vector pointing 40° North of West, or W 40° N (West 40° North); or N 50° W (North 50° West) specifies the exact heading the pilot must maintain.
These two steps require an understanding of vector components, angles, and the ability to solve vector equations to determine the accurate heading of the aircraft. As such, pilots can graph the vectors or solve for the components mathematically to find the correct heading and magnitude to navigate successfully considering the wind's effect.