The Mongols developed a unique form of government known as a "Khanate" or "Khanate System." Under this system, the Mongol Empire was divided into different territories or regions, each ruled by a khan. The khanates were semi-autonomous and had a high degree of administrative and military power. The supreme ruler of the Mongol Empire, known as the Great Khan, held ultimate authority but delegated power to the regional khans. The khans were typically members of the Mongol royal family or trusted allies.
The Mongol government was characterized by a highly centralized administration, with the Great Khan at the top. The khans governed their respective territories with a combination of Mongol customary law and local customs, adapting to the diverse regions they ruled. They appointed officials to administer the territories, collect taxes, and maintain order. The Mongols also implemented a system of tribute, where conquered peoples paid tribute to the Mongol rulers in exchange for protection.
The Mongols relied heavily on military prowess and conquest to expand their empire. They established a vast network of communication and transportation, known as the Yam system, to facilitate governance and the movement of troops and information. The Mongols also promoted trade and commerce, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas across their vast empire.
While the Mongol government was characterized by a hierarchical structure and military dominance, it also allowed for a certain degree of religious and cultural tolerance. The Mongols did not impose their own religion or culture on the conquered peoples, allowing them to practice their own faiths and retain their customs, as long as they paid tribute and remained loyal to the Mongol rulers.
In summary, the Mongols developed a unique form of government known as the Khanate System, which featured a highly centralized administration with regional khans ruling semi-autonomous territories. The Mongol government relied on military conquest, established administrative systems, and promoted trade and commerce. Despite their dominance, the Mongols allowed for religious and cultural tolerance within their empire.