Final answer:
To gain entry into a crisis point, a sledgehammer, patrol vehicle, and shotgun can all be used effectively, making 'd. All of the above' the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
When attempting to gain entry into a crisis point, a variety of tools can be used to make a successful breach. These include a sledgehammer, which is effective for breaking locks, hin_ges, or doors; a patrol vehicle can be used in a ramming action to force entry, especially in situations with larger barricades; and a shotgun, which might be employed by law enforcement specifically using breaching rounds to quickly open a locked door or a barrier. Therefore, the correct answer is d. All of the above.