Final answer:
The acceptable methods of property transfer under early English common law include feoffment, Livery of Seisin, and a witnessed statement followed by the new owner's entry onto the land. All of these were valid ways to publicly and ceremonially pass ownership of land.
Step-by-step explanation:
Under early English common law, the following were acceptable methods of property transfer:
- The transfer of a symbolic item such as a rock, some dirt, or a branch of a tree, known as feoffment, which constituted a physical representation of the transfer of land.
- Livery of Seisin, which was the actual delivery of the possession of the property, often accomplished by the transferor giving the transferee a clod of earth or a twig from the property as a symbol of the land itself.
- A statement made in front of witnesses, within sight of the land, followed by the new owner's entry onto that land to make the transfer public and known.
Therefore, the correct answer is d) All of the above. These methods reflect the historical and ceremonial practices of the English common law system regarding land ownership and its transfer.