Final answer:
The 'dog bone' shape in tensile testing ensures uniform stress distribution and is required for standardization, not because it mimics actual bone structure or dog bone properties. Bones are weight-bearing, fibrous structures designed to handle various stresses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks why a dog bone-shaped specimen is used for tensile testing. The answer is C) Standardization in testing requires a specific shape. This 'dog bone' shape is specifically designed to ensure a uniform stress distribution during tensile testing - not because it closely represents actual bone structure or because dogs have unique bone properties. The standardized shape features a reduced cross-sectional area in the middle, which ensures that the stress is concentrated in this region, facilitating accurate determination of the material's tensile strength and elasticity.
Bones are complex weight-bearing structures with fibrous characteristics, much like steel-reinforced columns or trees. They can withstand tension and compression and are often subject to bending and shearing forces. The provided information suggests that the flexibility, strength, and mass of bones are influenced by various factors, including stress conditions and anatomical location.