Final answer:
Amir Timur, also known as Tamerlane, was the ruler of a Mongol state based in Samarkand. He founded the Timurid Empire and was known for his military prowess and cultural achievements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ruler of a Mongol state based in Samarkand was Amir Timur, also known as Tamerlane. He founded the Timurid Empire in the 14th century, which encompassed parts of Central Asia and the Middle East, with Samarkand as its capital. Timur was a highly skilled military leader and built a powerful empire known for its cultural achievements.