Final answer:
Thiroux argues that the Principle of Justice and the Principle of Honesty and Truth Telling are both logically and empirically necessary to morality. These principles form a fundamental rational core for ethical behavior, ensuring fairness, rights respect, transparency, and trust within societies. Despite the complexities of moral pluralism, they serve as essential guides in navigating moral decisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Philosopher Thiroux posits that logical and empirical necessity in moral theory point to the impactful relevance of the Principle of Justice and the Principle of Honesty and Truth Telling. These two principles, which are seen as vital to the edifice of moral philosophy, operate as a cornerstone for ethical behavior and are irreplaceably imperative for functional and equitable societies. Justice encompasses fairness, the distribution of rewards and burdens, and respect for people's rights, while honesty and truth-telling ensure transparency and trust, which are crucial to societal interactions and relationships. Both hold practical weight as they provide a framework through which moral actions can be weighed and justified.
Throughout history, ethical frameworks have been scrutinized, with philosophers like Kant and Rawls striving for a basis of ethics grounded in reason, rather than divine command or utilitarian calculus. Yet, throughout the challenges in identifying universal moral laws, justice and truth emerge consistently, forming a rational core expected of both good citizens and governing bodies.
Moral pluralism, as suggested by Ross, highlights the complexity of moral duties, often requiring a balance between competing obligations, such as the duty to be honest versus the need to protect. Nevertheless, the principles of justice and honesty maintain their status as quintessential guides to navigate these moral landscapes.