Final answer:
The question deals with determinism, free will, the structure of the scientific method, and the doctrine of predestination, placing it under the Social Studies subject for high school grade. The statement 'When a theory has been known for a long time, it becomes a law.' is false, while the statement about predestination would be considered true in the context of Calvinist belief.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asked seems to relate to concepts of determinism, free will, and the scientific method, indicating that it is within the realm of Social Studies. The excerpts provided from the text suggest an investigation into philosophical questions about human belief systems, the structure of scientific inquiry, and perhaps notions pertaining to religious doctrine, like predestination.
One question stated, 'When a theory has been known for a long time, it becomes a law.' This statement is false. A scientific law and a theory are different kinds of knowledge. A law describes what will happen under certain circumstances, while a theory explains how or why something happens. Another statement involved is related to the doctrine of predestination: 'According to the doctrine of predestination, a person was either saved or from the time of his birth.' If we are discussing Calvinist doctrine, this statement would be true.
The scenario with events T, A, and B seems to pertain to probability and outcomes, likely from a mathematics or logic perspective, nevertheless, because it's embedded in a broader philosophical discussion, it remains classified under Social Studies for the purpose of this question.