Final answer:
The exclusion of women and black men on juries violated the right to a trial by an impartial jury of their peers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The exclusion of women and black men on juries violated a fundamental right of those accused of a crime because it denied them their right to a trial by an impartial jury of their peers. This is a right protected by the Fourteenth Amendment and is essential to ensure a fair and just legal process. By excluding women and black men, the composition of the jury was not representative of the population, leading to potential bias and unfair outcomes.