Final answer:
The ceremonial hoisting and lowering of the national ensign at a naval command at 0800 and sunset are known as morning colors and evening colors, symbolic traditions that signify the start and end of the day's duties and show respect for the flag.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ceremonial hoisting and lowering of the national ensign at 0800 and sunset at a naval command ashore or aboard a ship of the Navy not under way is known as morning colors and evening colors, respectively. This tradition is deeply rooted in naval custom and serves both practical and symbolic purposes. In the morning, raising the flag represents the beginning of the day's responsibilities and readiness to perform duties, embodying the spirit mentioned in military texts which suggests a soldier's vigor is highest in the morning. Similarly, the lowering of the flag at sunset signifies respect for the flag and the conclusion of the day's official duties.
Cultural references in literature and poetry often depict the ceremonious nature of flag handling aboard ships, highlighting the importance of flags as symbols of national pride and the solemnity of military customs. For instance, the 'Star-Spangled Banner' reflects the patriotic sentiment and historical significance that the American flag holds, particularly in relation to its presence in battles and the representation of the nation's endurance through times of conflict.